Physiological parameters, indices and values

Physiological parameters, indices and values

Reference: USMLE book

Blood and Hematology

*	Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)	8–20 U/L	8–20 U/L
	Amylase, serum	25–125 U/L	25–125 U/L
*	Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)	8–20 U/L	8–20 U/L
	Bilirubin, serum (adult) Total // Direct	0.1–1.0 mg/dL // 0.0–0.3 mg/dL	2–17 µmol/L // 0–5 µmol/L
*	Calcium, serum (Ca2+)	8.4–10.2 mg/dL	2.1–2.8 mmol/L
*	Cholesterol, serum	Rec:<200 mg/dL	<5.2 mmol/L
	Cortisol, serum	0800 h: 5–23 µg/dL // 1600 h: 3–15 µg/dL	138–635 nmol/L // 82–413 nmol/L
		2000 h: ≤ 50% of 0800 h	Fraction of 0800 h: ≤ 0.50
	Creatine kinase, serum	Male: 25–90 U/L	25–90 U/L
		Female: 10–70 U/L	10–70 U/L
*	Creatinine, serum	0.6–1.2 mg/dL	53–106 µmol/L
	Electrolytes, serum
	Sodium (Na+)	136–145 mEq/L	136–145 mmol/L
	Chloride (Cl−)	95–105 mEq/L	95–105 mmol/L
*	Potassium (K+)	3.5–5.0 mEq/L	3.5–5.0 mmol/L
	Bicarbonate (HCO3−)	22–28 mEq/L	22–28 mmol/L
	Magnesium (Mg2+)	1.5–2.0 mEq/L	0.75–1.0 mmol/L
	Estriol, total, serum (in pregnancy)
	24–28 wks // 32–36 wks	30–170 ng/mL // 60–280 ng/mL	104–590 // 208–970 nmol/L
	28–32 wks // 36–40 wks	40–220 ng/mL // 80–350 ng/mL	140–760 //280–1210nmol/L
	Ferritin, serum	Male: 15–200 ng/mL	15–200 µg/L
		Female: 12–150 ng/mL	12–150 µg/L
	Follicle-stimulating hormone, serum/plasma	Male: 4–25 mIU/mL	4–25 U/L
		Female: premenopause 4–30 mIU/mL	4–30 U/L
		midcycle peak 10–90 mIU/mL	10–90 U/L
		postmenopause 40–250 mIU/mL	40–250 U/L
	Gases, arterial blood (room air)
	pH	7.35–7.45	[H+] 36–44 nmol/L
	Pco2	33–45 mm Hg	4.4–5.9 kPa
	Po2	75–105 mm Hg	10.0–14.0 kPa
*	Glucose, serum	Fasting: 70–110 mg/dL	3.8–6.1 mmol/L
		2-h postprandial: < 120 mg/dL	< 6.6 mmol/L
	Growth hormone - arginine stimulation	Fasting: < 5 ng/mL	< 5 µg/L
		provocative stimuli: > 7 ng/mL	> 7 µg/L
	Immunoglobulins, serum
	IgA	76–390 mg/dL	0.76–3.90 g/L
	IgE	0–380 IU/mL	0–380 kIU/L
	IgG	650–1500mg/dL	6.5–15 g/L
	IgM	40–345 mg/dL	0.4–3.45 g/L
	Iron	50–170 µg/dL	9–30 µmol/L
	Lactate dehydrogenase, serum	45–90 U/L	45–90 U/L
	Luteinizing hormone, serum/plasma	Male: 6–23 mIU/mL	6–23 U/L
		Female: follicular phase 5–30 mIU/mL	5–30 U/L
		midcycle 75–150 mIU/mL	75–150 U/L
		postmenopause 30–200 mIU/mL	30–200 U/L
	Osmolality, serum	275–295 mOsmol/kg H2O	275–295 mOsmol/kg H2O
	Parathyroid hormone, serum, N-terminal	230–630 pg/mL	230–630 ng/L
*	Phosphatase (alkaline), serum (p-NPP at 30°C)	20–70 U/L	20–70 U/L
*	Phosphorus (inorganic), serum	3.0–4.5 mg/dL	1.0–1.5 mmol/L
	Prolactin, serum (hPRL)	< 20 ng/mL	< 20 µg/L
*	Proteins, serum
	Total (recumbent)	6.0–7.8 g/dL	60–78 g/L
	Albumin	3.5–5.5 g/dL	35–55 g/L
	Globulin	2.3–3.5 g/dL	23–35 g/L
	Thyroid-stimulating hormone, serum or plasma	0.5–5.0 µU/mL	0.5–5.0 mU/L
	Thyroidal iodine (123I) uptake	8%–30% of administered dose/24 h	0.08–0.30/24 h
	Thyroxine (T4), serum	5–12 µg/dL	64–155 nmol/L
	Triglycerides, serum	35–160 mg/dL	0.4–1.81 mmol/L
	Triiodothyronine (T3), serum (RIA)	115–190 ng/dL	1.8–2.9 nmol/L
	Triiodothyronine (T3) resin uptake	25%–35%	0.25–0.35
*	Urea nitrogen, serum	7–18 mg/dL	1.2–3.0 mmol/L
*	Uric acid, serum	3.0–8.2 mg/dL	0.18–0.48 mmol/L

Bleeding time (template)	2–7 minutes	2–7 minutes
Erythrocyte count	Male: 4.3–5.9 million/mm3	4.3–5.9 x 1012/L
	Female: 3.5–5.5 million/mm3	3.5–5.5 x 1012/L
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Westergren)	Male: 0–15 mm/h	0–15 mm/h
	Female: 0–20 mm/h	0–20 mm/h
Hematocrit	Male: 41%–53%	0.41–0.53
	Female: 36%–46%	0.36–0.46
Hemoglobin A1c	≤ 6%	≤ 0.06%
Hemoglobin, blood	Male: 13.5–17.5 g/dL	2.09–2.71 mmol/L
	Female: 12.0–16.0 g/dL	1.86–2.48 mmol/L
Hemoglobin, plasma	1–4 mg/dL	0.16–0.62 mmol/L
Leukocyte count and differential
Leukocyte count	4500–11,000/mm3	4.5–11.0 x 109/L
Segmented neutrophils	54%–62%	0.54–0.62
Bands	3%–5%	0.03–0.05
Eosinophils	1%–3%	0.01–0.03
Basophils	0%–0.75%	0–0.0075
Lymphocytes	25%–33%	0.25–0.33
Monocytes	3%–7%	0.03–0.07
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin	25.4–34.6 pg/cell	0.39–0.54 fmol/cell
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration	31%–36% Hb/cell	4.81–5.58 mmol Hb/L
Mean corpuscular volume	80–100 µm3	80–100 fL
Partial thromboplastin time (activated)	25–40 seconds	25–40 seconds
Platelet count	150,000–400,000/mm3	150–400 x 109/L
Prothrombin time	11–15 seconds	11–15 seconds
Reticulocyte count	0.5%–1.5% of red cells	0.005–0.015
Thrombin time	< 2 seconds deviation from control	< 2 seconds deviation from control
Volume
Plasma	Male: 25–43 mL/kg	0.025–0.043 L/kg
	Female: 28–45 mL/kg	0.028–0.045 L/kg
Red cell	Male: 20–36 mL/kg	0.020–0.036 L/kg
	Female: 19–31 mL/kg	0.019–0.031 L/kg

Cerebral

Cell count	0–5/mm3	0–5 x 106/L
Chloride	118–132 mEq/L	118–132 mmol/L
Gamma globulin	3%–12% total proteins	0.03–0.12
Glucose	40–70 mg/dL	2.2–3.9 mmol/L
Pressure	70–180 mm H2O	70–180 mm H2O
Proteins, total	< 40 mg/dL	< 0.40 g/L

Sweat	Reference Range	SI Reference Intervals
Chloride	0–35 mmol/L	0–35 mmol/L

Urine	Reference Range	SI Reference Intervals
Calcium	100–300 mg/24 h	2.5–7.5 mmol/24 h
Chloride	Varies with intake	Varies with intake
Creatinine clearance	Male: 97–137 mL/min
	Female: 88–128 mL/min
Estriol, total (in pregnancy)
30 wks	6–18 mg/24 h	21–62 µmol/24 h
35 wks	9–28 mg/24 h	31–97 µmol/24 h
40 wks	13–42 mg/24 h	45–146 µmol/24 h
17-Hydroxycorticosteroids	Male: 3.0–10.0 mg/24 h	8.2–27.6 µmol/24 h
	Female: 2.0–8.0 mg/24 h	5.5–22.0 µmol/24 h
17-Ketosteroids, total	Male: 8–20 mg/24 h	28–70 µmol/24 h
	Female: 6–15 mg/24 h	21–52 µmol/24 h
Osmolality	50–1400 mOsmol/kg H2O
Oxalate	8–40 µg/mL	90–445 µmol/L
Potassium	Varies with diet	Varies with diet
Proteins, total	< 150 mg/24 h	< 0.15 g/24 h
Sodium	Varies with diet	Varies with diet
Uric acid	Varies with diet	Varies with diet