Final Year Surgery Exam: Important topics

Final Year Surgery Exam: Important topics

Paper Pattern

SURGERY A paper includes = 

Complete General Surgery + Abdominal Hernias + Surgical Oncology + Basic Anesthesia + Traumatology + Orthopedics + Skin/Subcutaneous Tissues + Vascular Surgery ( Arterial, Venous and Lymphatic Systems) + Oropharyngeal/Salivary Glands

SURGERY B paper includes =

 Abdominal Surgery+ Breast + Endocrine systems + Cardiac Surgery + Neurosurgery + Plastic Surgery + Pediatric Surgery + Urology + Chest Surgery + Radiology (as in vivas usually)+ Surgical Anatomy

Surgery Paper Subject Distribution (Latest 2012)
Paper A – 135 Marks

Surgery Basics 
Resuscitation / CPR
Fluid & Electrolyte Balance
Shock
Skin Soft tissue infections
Surgical TB
Nutrition
Blood Transfusion
Sterilization, Asepsis
Neoplasia
Peri-operative care
Common Emergencies
Trauma & Orthopedics
Anesthesia & Critical Care
Vascular Surgery
Abdominal Hernias

Paper B – 135 Marks

General: 

Head & Neck
Breast 
Upper GI
HBP, Spleen
Lower GI
Abdomen 
Pediatric Surgery

Specialties

Urology
Plastic Surgery
Neurosurgery
Thoracic
Cardiac
Facio-maxillary

Surgery Paper A - Important Topics

GENERAL SURGERY : 

• Blood transfusion complications, 
• Shock management, 
• Haemorrhage,its types,complications,management, 
• Wounds,classification of wounds,tissue repair steps,management of wounds,
• SIRS, 
• Surgical infections, septicemia,
• GCS,
• Water intoxication syndrome,
• Electrolyte imbalances ie hypo,hypernatremia,hypo,hyperkalemia,alkalosis,acidosis, 
• Enteral route feeding,total parenteral nutrition(TPN),
• Disinfection,sterilization, 
• BURNS, 
• Arterial n Venous ulcers,
• Sutures,
• Preop and post op complications.

Abdominal Hernias : 

• Causes of hernias, 
• Composition,
• Classification of hernias, 
• Inguinal hernia,
• Umbicial,
• Paraumbical hernias,
• Incisional hernia,
• Femoral hernias(less common)

Anaesthesia : 

• Complications of general anaesthesia, 
• Names of agents used for GA,
• Steps to be monitored during anaesthesia,  
• Local anesthesia complications,
• Epidural and Spinal anesthesia.

Oncology : 

• Steps of diagnosis of cancer, 
• Principles of chemo therapy,radiotherapy,adjuvant,neoadjuvant therapy, 
• Complication of chemoradiotherapy,
• Steps of management of cancers

Trauma 

From Prof Arshad Cheema's Notes available from college photocopy shop.

Skin/Subcutaneous tissue:  ,

• Scars,
• Keloid,
• Hypertrophic scar,
• Cellulitis,
• Boils,
• Furuncles,
• Carbuncles,
• Tetanus,
• Gas gangrene, 
• Cyst,
• Sinus,
• Fistula,
• Marjolins Ulcer,
• Squamous cell carcinoma,
• Basal Cell carcinoma(Rodent Ulcer), 
• Malignant melanoma, 
• Retroperitoneal sarcoma,
• Lipoma, 
• Soft tissue sarcomas.,
• Diabetic foot.

Orthopedics 

• Difference b/w subluxation and dislocation, 
• Fractures, Classification, general management of Fractures, Diagnosis of fracture, its healing,comlications of fractures, 
• Rotator cuff tear,
• Tennis Elbow,
• Fractures of humerus bone (esp the supracondylar in children n shaft fractures of adults), 
• Colle's Fractures, 
• Hip dislocations, 
• Fracture of femoral neck, 
• Tibia Fibula shaft fractures.,
• Treatment of acute osteomyelitis,
• Brodies abscess,
• Madura foot.

Vascular System :

 Arterial = 

• Ischemia of lower limb, 
• Claudication, rest pain, 
• Doppler US, 
• Duplex scan, 
• Amputation(vimp), 
• Gangrene, 
• Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm(AAA).

Venous = 

• Varicose veins, 
• DVT, 
• Venous ulcers.

Lymphatic = 

• Lymphadenopathy, 
• Causes of swollen limb, 
• Causes of lymphedema.

Salivary Glands/Oropharyngeal diseases : 

• Parotid swellings, 
• Complications of parotid surgery, 
• Treatment of cancer Lip, 
• SSC of tongue, 
• Classfication of Sialdenitis, 
• Pleomorphic adenoma, 
• Warthins tumor.

Surgery Paper B - Important Topics

Abdominal Surgery : 

• Merits n demerits of laparoscopy, 
• GERD,
• Achalasia,
• Carcinoma Esophagus,its management, 
• Carcinoma Stomach, lymphatic drainage of stomach,
• Peptic ulcer treatment 
• Surgical,management of melana,hematemesis,
• Dumping Syndrome, 
• Gastric outlet obstruction,
• Amebic Liver abscess, 
• Causes of liver abscess,
• Causes of hepatomegaly,
• Pyogenic liver abscess,
• Hyatid cysts ,
• Caroli's disease, 
• HCC vimp Hepatocellular Cancer, 
• Causes of splenomegaly,
• Indications of splenectomy,
• Choangiocarcinoma, 
• Injuries to the bile duct, role of US in biliary system,ERCP vs MRCP, 
• Choledochal cyst,choledocholiathisis,
• Gall stones,causes,complications,
• Acute cholecystitis, 
• Laproscopic cholecystectomy, 
• Strictures of CBD, 
• Obstructive Jaundice, 
• Contents of Calots triangle, 
• Adenocarcinoma GB, 
• Acute pancreatitis, 
• Ranson scoring system,
• Pseudocysts,
• Complications of pancreatitis, 
• carcinoma head of pancreas,
• Acute peritonitis,
• Subphrenic abscess,
• Meckels diverticulum,
• Ulcerative colitis, 
• Crohns disease,
• TB of small intestine,
• GIT Fistulas, 
• Stomas, 
• Carcinoid syndrome, 
• Juvenile polyposis, 
• Colorectal CA, 
• Dukes classifciation of colorectal, intestinal obstruction vimp complete, 
• Appendix vimp complete, 
• Rectal prolapse,
• APR,
• Sphincter saving procedures,
• Pilonidal sinus,
• Anal fissures,
• Anal fistulas,
• Hemorrhoids/piles,
• Anorectal abscess,
• Low level,high level anal fistulas. 
• Testicular tumors, testicular torsion. 
• Varicocele,
• Hydrocele,
• Management of cryptorchisim.
• 
  
• Neck Swellings: 
• Classification of neck swellings, 
• Branchial cyst, 
• Thryoglossal cyst,
• Cystic hygroma,
• Collar stud abscess, 
• TB lymphadenitis, 
• Acute lymphadenitis., 
• Enbloc neck dissection

Breast: 

• Abnormal nipple discharge,
• Breast Cancer, 
• Mastectomy,
• Fibroadenoma, 
• Metastasis of breast CA.,
• Sentinel lymph nodes.

Endocrines: 

• Thyroid sweelings,
• Goitre,
• Hypo,hyperthyroidism,
• Medical,surgical management of thyrotoxicosis, 
• Retrosternal goitre,
• investigations for thyroid,
• Thyroidectomy,indications,
• complications,thyroid cancers,treatments,
• Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 
• Thyroid Eye signs, 
• Causes of hypercalcemia,
• Tetany,
• Surigcal management of hyperparathyroidism, 
• Pheochromocytoma.

Cardiac Surgery: 

• CABG, 
• Saphonous vein graft, 
• Role of surgery in valvular heart diseases.

Pediatric Surgery : 

• Cleft lip,
• Cleft palate,
• Club foot, 
• Duodenal atresia, 
• Neural tube defects, 
• Congenital diaphragmatic hernia,
•  Hypertrophic Pyloric stenosis,
• Tracheoesophageal fistula,
• Undescended testis, 
• Biliary atresia,
• Hypospidias.

Neurosurgery : 

• Spina bifida, 
• Disc prolapse, 
• Extradural hematoma,
• Subdural hematoma,
• Hydrocephalus,
• Brain abscess, 
• General management of brain tumors.

Plastic Surgery: 

• Burns, 
• Flap, 
• Grafts, with examples n types, 
• Ladder of Pain, 
• Cleft lip,
• Cleft palate.

Urology: 

• BPH, 
• Prostate cancer, 
• Suprapubic cystostomy,
• Causes of hematuria,
• Renal cell cancer, 
• Renal TB,
• Hydronephrosis,
• Renal stones,
• Acute urinary retention,
• Urethral strictures.

Chest Surgery: 

• Chest tube insertion indications, 
• Pneumthorax, 
• Lung cancer surgery, 
• Empyema thoracis.

Surgical Anatomy: 

• Liver, 
• Thyroid, 
• Breast,
• Stomach,
• Gall bladder, 
• Duodenum.